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Home / Glossary / Japan, Korea and India / 委託費 and 補助金 (commissioned expense vs subsidy)

委託費 and 補助金 (commissioned expense vs subsidy)

Japan funds through two legally different instruments, and which one a call uses decides whether you pay anything yourself.

Japan funds through two legally different instruments, and which one a call uses decides whether you pay anything yourself.

An 委託費 (itakuhi, commissioned expense) buys work. The funder wants a result, commissions you to produce it, and covers the cost, usually in full. The work is performed on the funder's behalf, intellectual property arrangements are set in the contract, and money not spent is returned.

A 補助金 (hojokin, subsidy) supports work you were going to do anyway. It covers a share (often between one half and two thirds) and you fund the remainder from your own resources. A call that reads as generously funded can quietly require a matching half, and industry-facing programmes are far more often subsidies than commissions.

The distinction is the Japanese equivalent of asking whether a European call is a grant or a procurement, and it changes who owns what as well as who pays. Commissioned work is performed for the funder; subsidised work remains yours.

Bemzu records the published amount either way, and it cannot infer the share from a listing. The rate lives in the call document. Read which instrument a call uses before treating the ceiling as money you will receive, because for a subsidy the ceiling is the government's part and your obligation is the rest.

Related terms

Indirect expense (間接経費) and the 30% rule Japanese competitive research funding adds 30% on top of direct costs for institutional overheads.
e-Rad (Japan) Japan's cross-ministry research funding system, where calls from NEDO, JST, AMED and the ministries all appear together.
Cost sharing and matching The portion of project cost you cover yourself. US notices state THAT a match is required far more often than how much.
Contribution versus grant (Canada) A grant is paid against eligibility; a contribution is paid against performance conditions and is audited.

Also mentioned under JST, NEDO and AMED.

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